
Aaron O'Neill
Research lead for society, economy, and politics: Europe & global
Detailed statistics
U.S. number of people with green cards FY 1820-2023
Detailed statistics
U.S. number of people with green cards FY 1820-2023
Detailed statistics
Thirteen Colonies: southern colonies population by ethnicity and state 1620-1760
Detailed statistics
Thirteen Colonies: southern colonies population by ethnicity and state 1620-1760
Detailed statistics
United States: green cards granted 1820-2019, by region and decade
Detailed statistics
United States: green cards granted 1820-2019, by region and decade
Illegal migration of foreigners by Czechia 2008-2023
Number of illegal migrants caught in Czechia from 2008 to 2023
Illegal migration of foreigners by Czechia 2008-2023
Number of illegal migrants caught in Czechia from 2008 to 2023
People of immigrant parentage in France 2023, by migration background
Number of people of immigrant parentage in France in 2023, by migration background (in 1,000s)
People of immigrant parentage in France 2023, by migration background
Number of people of immigrant parentage in France in 2023, by migration background (in 1,000s)
Unauthorized immigrant population U.S. 1990-2022
Unauthorized immigrant population in the United States from 1990 to 2022 (in millions)
Unauthorized immigrant population U.S. 1990-2022
Unauthorized immigrant population in the United States from 1990 to 2022 (in millions)
Foreign population in Norway 2014-2024, by immigration background
Foreign population in Norway from 2014 to 2024, by immigration background
Foreign population in Norway 2014-2024, by immigration background
Foreign population in Norway from 2014 to 2024, by immigration background
Population of the Netherlands in 2023, by background
Population of the Netherlands in 2023, by background
Population of the Netherlands in 2023, by background
Population of the Netherlands in 2023, by background
Estimated number of illegal immigrants in the U.S. by age and sex 2022
Estimated number of illegal immigrants in the United States in 2022, by age and sex (in millions)
Estimated number of illegal immigrants in the U.S. by age and sex 2022
Estimated number of illegal immigrants in the United States in 2022, by age and sex (in millions)
Origin of illegal immigrants in the U.S. 2022
Estimated number of illegal immigrants in the United States in 2022, by country of origin (in 1,000s)
Origin of illegal immigrants in the U.S. 2022
Estimated number of illegal immigrants in the United States in 2022, by country of origin (in 1,000s)
Share of people in favor of a referendum on immigration policy in France 2023
Share of people in favor of a referendum on immigration policy in France in 2023, by age
Share of people in favor of a referendum on immigration policy in France 2023
Share of people in favor of a referendum on immigration policy in France in 2023, by age
U.S. perceived harshness of Trump's immigration policy 2025
Perceived harshness of Donald Trump's approach to immigration policy among adults in the United States in March 2025
U.S. perceived harshness of Trump's immigration policy 2025
Perceived harshness of Donald Trump's approach to immigration policy among adults in the United States in March 2025
U.S. perceived harshness of Trump's immigration policy 2025, by party
Perceived harshness of Donald Trump's approach to immigration policy among adults in the United States in March 2025, by political party
U.S. perceived harshness of Trump's immigration policy 2025, by party
Perceived harshness of Donald Trump's approach to immigration policy among adults in the United States in March 2025, by political party
Number of illegal border crossings in the EU 2023, by route
Number of illegal border-crossings between border-crossing points to the European Union in 2023, by route
Number of illegal border crossings in the EU 2023, by route
Number of illegal border-crossings between border-crossing points to the European Union in 2023, by route
Number of illegal crossings of the Eastern Mediterranean route to the EU 2009-2023
Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Eastern Mediterranean route (Greece, Bulgaria, Cyprus) from 2009 to 2023
Number of illegal crossings of the Eastern Mediterranean route to the EU 2009-2023
Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Eastern Mediterranean route (Greece, Bulgaria, Cyprus) from 2009 to 2023
Number of illegal crossings of the Western Mediterranean route to the EU 2009-2023
Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Western Mediterranean route (Spain and Portugal) from 2009 to 2023
Number of illegal crossings of the Western Mediterranean route to the EU 2009-2023
Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Western Mediterranean route (Spain and Portugal) from 2009 to 2023
Number of illegal crossings at EU borders 2009-2023
Number of illegal crossings between border-crossing points in the European Union from 2009 to 2023 (in 1,000s)
Number of illegal crossings at EU borders 2009-2023
Number of illegal crossings between border-crossing points in the European Union from 2009 to 2023 (in 1,000s)
Number of illegal crossings of the Western Balkan route to the EU 2009-2023
Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union over the Western Balkan route (Croatia, Hungary and Romania) from 2009 to 2023
Number of illegal crossings of the Western Balkan route to the EU 2009-2023
Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union over the Western Balkan route (Croatia, Hungary and Romania) from 2009 to 2023
Number of illegal crossings of the Eastern border route to the EU 2009-2023
Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union over the Eastern border route from 2009 to 2023
Number of illegal crossings of the Eastern border route to the EU 2009-2023
Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union over the Eastern border route from 2009 to 2023
Number of illegal stays detected in the EU 2009-2022
Number of illegal stays detected in the European Union from 2009 to 2022 (in 1,000s)
Number of illegal stays detected in the EU 2009-2022
Number of illegal stays detected in the European Union from 2009 to 2022 (in 1,000s)
U.S. public perception of immigration as a good or bad thing 2005-2024
Share of Americans who perceive immigration as a bad or good thing for the country in the United States from 2005 to 2024
U.S. public perception of immigration as a good or bad thing 2005-2024
Share of Americans who perceive immigration as a bad or good thing for the country in the United States from 2005 to 2024
Share of people considering that immigration is a chance for France 2024, by age
Share of the French who believe that immigration brings more than it costs to their country in 2024, by age group
Share of people considering that immigration is a chance for France 2024, by age
Share of the French who believe that immigration brings more than it costs to their country in 2024, by age group
Number of immigrants to Norway 1990-2022, by reason of immigration
Number of immigrants to Norway in the time period from 1990 to 2022, by reason of immigration
Number of immigrants to Norway 1990-2022, by reason of immigration
Number of immigrants to Norway in the time period from 1990 to 2022, by reason of immigration
Visegrád residents' opinion on common European migration policy 2024
What is your opinion on a common European policy on migration?
Visegrád residents' opinion on common European migration policy 2024
What is your opinion on a common European policy on migration?
Percentage of people who see immigration as an important issue Britain 2012-2025
Percentage of people who think that immigration is one of the most important issues facing the United Kingdom (Q1 2012 to Q2 2025)
Percentage of people who see immigration as an important issue Britain 2012-2025
Percentage of people who think that immigration is one of the most important issues facing the United Kingdom (Q1 2012 to Q2 2025)
Number of illegal crossings of the Central Mediterranean route to the EU 2009-2023
Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Central Mediterranean route (Italy and Malta) from 2009 to 2023
Number of illegal crossings of the Central Mediterranean route to the EU 2009-2023
Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Central Mediterranean route (Italy and Malta) from 2009 to 2023
Share of French people in favor of a referendum on immigration 2023, by party
Share of people supporting a referendum on immigration policy in France in 2023, by political affiliation
Share of French people in favor of a referendum on immigration 2023, by party
Share of people supporting a referendum on immigration policy in France in 2023, by political affiliation
Number of illegal crossings of the circular route to the EU 2009-2022
Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union over the circular route from Albania to Greece from 2009 to 2022
Number of illegal crossings of the circular route to the EU 2009-2022
Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union over the circular route from Albania to Greece from 2009 to 2022
Number of illegal aliens returned U.S. 2022, by country of origin
Number of illegal aliens returned in the United States in 2022, by country of origin
Number of illegal aliens returned U.S. 2022, by country of origin
Number of illegal aliens returned in the United States in 2022, by country of origin
Number of illegal aliens apprehended U.S. 2022, by country of origin
Number of illegal aliens apprehended in the United States in 2022, by country of origin
Number of illegal aliens apprehended U.S. 2022, by country of origin
Number of illegal aliens apprehended in the United States in 2022, by country of origin
Number of immigrants in Israel 2024, by age group
Number of immigrants in Israel in 2024, by age group
Number of immigrants in Israel 2024, by age group
Number of immigrants in Israel in 2024, by age group
U.S. support for shutting down border if illegal attempts exceed 5,000 per day 2024
Would you support or oppose shutting down the border to new entrants if an average of more than 5,000 migrants per day try to cross unlawfully in the course of a week?
U.S. support for shutting down border if illegal attempts exceed 5,000 per day 2024
Would you support or oppose shutting down the border to new entrants if an average of more than 5,000 migrants per day try to cross unlawfully in the course of a week?
U.S. belief that housing shortages are caused by illegal immigrants 2024, by race
Share of Americans who think that housing shortages are definitely or probably being caused by illegal immigrants in the United States in 2024, by race
U.S. belief that housing shortages are caused by illegal immigrants 2024, by race
Share of Americans who think that housing shortages are definitely or probably being caused by illegal immigrants in the United States in 2024, by race
Unemployment rate in Canada 2024, by immigrant status
Unemployment rate in Canada in 2024, by immigrant status
Unemployment rate in Canada 2024, by immigrant status
Unemployment rate in Canada in 2024, by immigrant status
Controlling immigration as a responsibility of the state in Germany 2023, by party
Is it the state's job to control immigration to Germany? (according to party preference)
Controlling immigration as a responsibility of the state in Germany 2023, by party
Is it the state's job to control immigration to Germany? (according to party preference)
Immigrant evangelical Christians in Portugal 2023, by place of origin
Share of immigrant evangelical Christians in Portugal in 2023, by place of origin
Immigrant evangelical Christians in Portugal 2023, by place of origin
Share of immigrant evangelical Christians in Portugal in 2023, by place of origin
Opinion on the government's migration policy in Italy 2024
Opinion on the effectiveness of the government's migration policy in Italy in 2024
Opinion on the government's migration policy in Italy 2024
Opinion on the effectiveness of the government's migration policy in Italy in 2024
U.S. public opinion on the level of immigration 2006-2024
Public opinion on the level of immigration in the United States from 2006 to 2024
U.S. public opinion on the level of immigration 2006-2024
Public opinion on the level of immigration in the United States from 2006 to 2024
Monthly number of illegal immigrants that arrived to Spain 2018-2024
Number of monthly irregular immigrants that arrived in Spain from January 2018 to March 2024
Monthly number of illegal immigrants that arrived to Spain 2018-2024
Number of monthly irregular immigrants that arrived in Spain from January 2018 to March 2024
Share of population in Germany 2023, by migrant background
Distribution of the population* in Germany in 2023, by migrant background
Share of population in Germany 2023, by migrant background
Distribution of the population* in Germany in 2023, by migrant background
Number of persons* with migration background in Germany 2023, by gender
Number of persons* with migration background in Germany in 2023, by gender (in millions)
Number of persons* with migration background in Germany 2023, by gender
Number of persons* with migration background in Germany in 2023, by gender (in millions)
Number of Germans* with and without migration background 2023
Number of Germans* with and without migration background in 2023 (in millions)
Number of Germans* with and without migration background 2023
Number of Germans* with and without migration background in 2023 (in millions)
Population* with/without a migration background in Germany 2023, by employment
Number of people* with and without a migration background in Germany in 2023, by employment status (in 1,000)
Population* with/without a migration background in Germany 2023, by employment
Number of people* with and without a migration background in Germany in 2023, by employment status (in 1,000)
Share of illegal immigrants in detention centers in Spain 2022, by nationality
Share of irregular immigrants in immigration detention centers in Spain in 2022, by nationality
Share of illegal immigrants in detention centers in Spain 2022, by nationality
Share of irregular immigrants in immigration detention centers in Spain in 2022, by nationality
French opinion on Macron's new immigration bill main points 2023
French opinion on Macron's new immigration bill main points in December 2023
French opinion on Macron's new immigration bill main points 2023
French opinion on Macron's new immigration bill main points in December 2023
Government's economic policy public opinion in Argentina 2024
Public opinion on the economic policy of the government in Argentina in 2024
Government's economic policy public opinion in Argentina 2024
Public opinion on the economic policy of the government in Argentina in 2024
Positive and negative emotions in Norway 2024, by country background
Positive and negative emotions in Norway 2024, by country background
Positive and negative emotions in Norway 2024, by country background
Positive and negative emotions in Norway 2024, by country background
Number of persons* with migration background in Germany 2023, by age
Number of persons* with migration background in Germany in 2023, by age (in 1,000)
Number of persons* with migration background in Germany 2023, by age
Number of persons* with migration background in Germany in 2023, by age (in 1,000)
Number of women with migration background in Germany 2023, by age
Number of women with migration background in Germany in 2023, by age (in 1,000)
Number of women with migration background in Germany 2023, by age
Number of women with migration background in Germany in 2023, by age (in 1,000)
Number of men with migration background in Germany 2023, by age
Number of men with migration background in Germany in 2023, by age (in 1,000)
Number of men with migration background in Germany 2023, by age
Number of men with migration background in Germany in 2023, by age (in 1,000)
U.S. adults on immigration making country worse or better 2024
In general, do you think immigration makes the United States better off or worse off?
U.S. adults on immigration making country worse or better 2024
In general, do you think immigration makes the United States better off or worse off?
UK support for the government's Rwanda policy 2023
Share of people in that support the government's Rwanda asylum policy in the United Kingdom in 2023, by demographic
UK support for the government's Rwanda policy 2023
Share of people in that support the government's Rwanda asylum policy in the United Kingdom in 2023, by demographic
Number of illegal border-crossing to the EU 2022, by country of origin
Number of illegal border-crossings detected in the European Union in 2022, by country of origin
Number of illegal border-crossing to the EU 2022, by country of origin
Number of illegal border-crossings detected in the European Union in 2022, by country of origin
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